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But just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves this in a very creative way I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do this. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds easy, right
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Obviously, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further supposes you can create in a second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and have to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining pc comes up with the right guess, your mining program determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who gets to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with your solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit similar to some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite hard to attain but quite easy to validate.
3. Every computer which validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions that you opted to include in the cube.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and rewards them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees which were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this procedure helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining component is just a by-product of this transaction confirmation process. Therefore the name is a bit misleading, since the main objective of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for every block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Of course, that the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed each time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics issue. Therefore the difficulty of the mining process is really self-adjusting to the accumulated mining capability the network owns. .
If more miners join, it is going to get harder to solve the problem; when many of them fall off, it will get easier. This is known as mining difficulty.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two blocks being inserted minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a sort of arms click this race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time using their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining issue was low. Since Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more powerful mining solutions.